ISO became a World Level Standards Development System
ISO published “International Calibration Energies for XPS” in 2001. VAMAS which started 10 years earlier was working to produce Calibration BEs by organizing various “national” standards organizations. Before VAMAS, the ASTM in the US had produced many guidelines starting in 1978.
Additional documentation on the contributions and guidance produced by these 3 organizations need to be discussed in this section.
